Two Graphs Of Real Rates
Long term real rates predicted, and r*.
From the market, and from the CBO. Both are predicting real rates will rise (although the market indicators seem to have been way off in the past few years).
Figure 1: 10 year real Treasury yield from CBO Long Term Budget Outlook (green), and 5 year 5 year forward real rate from market (blue), adjusted from KKW (tan). Light blue shading denotes projection period. NBER defined peak-to-trough recession dates shaded light gray. Source: CBO, Treasury via FRED, KKW, NBER, and author’s calculations.
What about r*, the rate that sets output at potential output? And here are two estimates of r*, from Baker et al. at the NY Fed.
Figure 2:r* estimates from VAR and from DSGE, as described in Baker et al. (2023).
Clearly, as discussed in the article, there is some disagreement. The DSGE approach indicates a move back toward pre-2000 levels, while the VAR indicates that the drop could be persistent.
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