Market Liquidity Faces A New Treasury Issuance Headwind

Treasury bill issuance shifts to net issuance this week, creating a liquidity headwind for markets through early December.

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The coming week will be an important one for markets, with economic data likely to shape the next Fed move. A major change is also likely to go unnoticed: the liquidity shift about to take place. This week, Treasury bill issuance shifts from paydowns to net issuance, with Tuesday, September 29, as the last day of paydowns and Thursday, October 1, as the first day of net issuance. The pace builds from mid-October, when weekly net issuance runs at $50 billion to $75 billion.

The liquidity flows that supported the market in September will reverse and become a headwind through the beginning of December. We already know how poor liquidity conditions have been from market breadth and the high-yield advance-decline line, and those may still get worse.

While the S&P 500 didn’t suffer a big decline during the last issuance phase in July and early August, it didn’t do much either. Its performance was defined by a short-term pop around mega-cap earnings at the end of July and the first few days of August.

Chart of cumulative net T-bill issuance (inverted) versus S&P 500 from Nov 2025 to Jan 2027. Net issuance reached $543B by Sep 24, 2026, while S&P 500 rose to 7,743. Scheduled issuance is projected to hit $842B by Dec 31, 2026, with net cash draws deepening through tax-payment windows in April and July

The same can’t be said of the high-yield advance-decline line, which has shown significant deterioration that continued right through this past week.

Line chart comparing cumulative net T-bill issuance (inverted) with HY advance-decline line, Nov 2025-Jan 2027. Net bills reached $543B by Sep 24, projected $842B by Dec 31. HY line peaked at 143,541 on Feb 20, fell to 131,582 by Sep 24, down 11,959

SOFR volumes have also fallen steadily over the past year, and the trend in net issuance could well be playing a role in that.

Chart tracking cumulative net T-bill issuance against SOFR volume from Nov 2025 to Jan 2027. SOFR volume (20-day average) rose to a high of $3.31T on Jan 8, then declined to $2.92T by Sep 24, 2026. Cumulative net bill issuance reached $543B by Sep 24, with scheduled issuance projected to total $842B by Dec 31, 2026, dipping notably during Oct-Dec before rising into January. Gray bands mark tax season and Q2 corporate tax periods; shaded region from Oct 2026 onward shows scheduled/estimated figures

So the bottom line is that issuance may not directly mean stocks fall; it may just mean they don’t perform as well as most expect, and I think it’s worth monitoring.

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