Countries
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Disputes - international:joins other Caribbean states to counter Venezuela's claim that Aves Island sustains human habitation, a criterion under United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which permits Venezuela to extend its Economic Exclusion Zone/continental shelf over a large portion of the eastern Caribbean Sea
Illicit drugs: transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the US and Europe; some money-laundering activity
Military branches: Royal Saint Kitts and Nevis Defense Force (includes Coast Guard), Royal Saint Kitts and Nevis Police Force; for national security, Saint Kitts and Nevis relies on the Regional Security System, headquartered in Barbados
Military service age and obligation: 18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription
Manpower available for military service:
males age 16-49: 13,506
females age 16-49: 13,089
Manpower fit for military service:
males age 16-49: 10,742
females age 16-49: 10,923
Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:
male: 380
female: 422
Airports: 2
country comparison to the world: 208
Railways: total: 50 km
country comparison to the world: 131
Roadways: total: 383 km
country comparison to the world: 199
Merchant marine: total: 152
country comparison to the world: 38
by type: bulk carrier 16, cargo 81, chemical tanker 4, combination ore/oil 1, container 2, liquefied gas 3, passenger 2, passenger/cargo 7, petroleum tanker 27, refrigerated cargo 4, roll on/roll off 4, specialized tanker 1
foreign-owned: 73 (Belgium 1, China 1, Egypt 1, Greece 2, India 2, Japan 2, Malaysia 1, Norway 3, Pakistan 1, Russia 13, Singapore 10, Turkey 18, UAE 8, UK 1, Ukraine 8, US 1)
Ports and terminals: Basseterre, Charlestown
Telephones - main lines in use: 20,600
country comparison to the world: 192
Telephones - mobile cellular: 84,600
country comparison to the world: 191
Telephone system: general assessment: good interisland and international connections
domestic: interisland links via Eastern Caribbean Fiber Optic cable; construction of enhanced wireless infrastructure launched in November 2004; fixed-line teledensity about 40 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular teledensity is roughly 170 per 100 persons
Broadcast media: the government operates a national TV network that broadcasts on 2 channels; cable subscription services provide access to local and international channels; the government operates a national radio network; a mix of government-owned and privately-owned broadcasters operate roughly 15 radio stations
Internet country code: .kn
Internet hosts: 52
country comparison to the world: 213
Internet users: 17,000
country comparison to the world: 197
The economy of Saint Kitts and Nevis depends on tourism; since the 1970s tourism has replaced sugar as the traditional mainstay of the economy. Following the 2005 harvest, the government closed the sugar industry, after several decades of losses. To compensate for lost jobs, the government has embarked on a program to diversify the agricultural sector and to stimulate other sectors of the economy, such as export-oriented manufacturing and offshore banking. Roughly 200,000 tourists visited the islands in 2009, but reduced tourism arrivals and foreign investment led to an economic contraction in 2009 and 2010. Like other tourist destinations in the Caribbean, St. Kitts and Nevis is vulnerable to damage from natural disasters and shifts in tourism demand. A mild recovery began in 2011. The current government is constrained by one of the world's highest public debt burdens -equivalent to roughly 200% of GDP in 2011 - largely attributable to public enterprise losses.
Government type: parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm
Administrative divisions:
14 parishes; Christ Church Nichola Town, Saint Anne Sandy Point, Saint George Basseterre, Saint George Gingerland, Saint James Windward, Saint John Capesterre, Saint John Figtree, Saint Mary Cayon, Saint Paul Capesterre, Saint Paul Charlestown, Saint Peter Basseterre, Saint Thomas Lowland, Saint Thomas Middle Island, Trinity Palmetto Point
Legal system: English common law
International law organization participation: has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
Ethnic groups: predominantly black; some British, Portuguese, and Lebanese
Languages: English (official)
Religions: Anglican, other Protestant, Roman Catholic
Population: 50,726
country comparison to the world: 208
Median age: total: 32.6 years
male: 32.6 years
female: 32.5 years
Population growth rate: 0.806%
country comparison to the world: 134
Net migration rate: 1.24 migrant(s)/1,000 population
country comparison to the world: 49
Urbanization: urban population: 32% of total population
rate of urbanization: 1.8% annual rate of change
Major cities - population: BASSETERRE (capital) 13,000
Life expectancy at birth: total population: 74.84 years
country comparison to the world: 95
male: 72.46 years
female: 77.26 years
Total fertility rate: 1.79 children born/woman
country comparison to the world: 154
Health expenditures: 6% of GDP
country comparison to the world: 107
Education expenditures: 9.6% of GDP
country comparison to the world: 6
Literacy: definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school
total population: 97.8%
Location: Caribbean, islands in the Caribbean Sea, about one-third of the way from Puerto Rico to Trinidad and Tobago
Land boundaries: 0 km
Coastline: 135 km
Maritime claims: territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 24 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
Climate: tropical, tempered by constant sea breezes; little seasonal temperature variation; rainy season (May to November)
Terrain: volcanic with mountainous interiors
Natural resources: arable land
Land use:
arable land: 19.44%
permanent crops: 2.78%
other: 77.78%
Natural hazards: hurricanes (July to October)
Environment - international agreements: party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Geography - note: with coastlines in the shape of a baseball bat and ball, the two volcanic islands are separated by a 3-km-wide channel called The Narrows; on the southern tip of long, baseball bat-shaped Saint Kitts lies the Great Salt Pond; Nevis Peak sits in the center of its almost circular namesake island and its ball shape complements that of its sister island
Carib Indians occupied the islands for hundreds of years before the British began settlement in 1623. The islands became an associated state of the UK with full internal autonomy in 1967. The island of Anguilla rebelled and was allowed to secede in 1971. Saint Kitts and Nevis achieved independence in 1983. In 1998, a vote in Nevis on a referendum to separate from Saint Kitts fell short of the two-thirds majority needed. Nevis continues in its efforts to separate from Saint Kitts.
Saint Kitts And Nevis
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