Countries
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Disputes - international: Dominica is the only Caribbean state to challenge Venezuela's sovereignty claim over Aves Island and joins the other island nations in challenging whether the feature sustains human habitation, a criterion under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), which permits Venezuela to extend its Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and continental shelf claims over a large portion of the eastern Caribbean Sea
Illicit drugs: transshipment point for narcotics bound for the US and Europe; minor cannabis producer
Military branches: no regular military forces; Commonwealth of Dominica Police Force (includes Coast Guard)
Manpower available for military service:
males age 16-49: 19,075
Manpower fit for military service:
males age 16-49: 16,035
females age 16-49: 15,499
Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:
male: 675
female: 636
Airports: 2
country comparison to the world: 198
Roadways: total: 780 km
country comparison to the world: 187
Merchant marine: total: 43
country comparison to the world: 73
by type: bulk carrier 11, cargo 22, chemical tanker 2, petroleum tanker 4, refrigerated cargo 3, roll on/roll off 1
foreign-owned: 32 (Australia 1, Estonia 6, Germany 5, Greece 4, India 2, Latvia 2, Norway 1, Russia 3, Saudi Arabia 2, Syria 4, Turkey 1, Ukraine 1)
registered in other countries: 1 (Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1)
Ports and terminals: Portsmouth, Roseau
Telephones - main lines in use: 15,500
country comparison to the world: 197
Telephones - mobile cellular: 98,100
country comparison to the world: 189
Telephone system: general assessment: fully automatic network
domestic: fixed-line connections continued to decline slowly with the two active operators providing about 25 fixed-line connections per 100 persons; subscribership among the three mobile-cellular providers continued to increase with teledensity exceeding 135 per 100 persons in 2010
Broadcast media: no terrestrial TV service available; subscription cable TV provider offers some locally produced programming plus channels from the US, Latin America, and the Caribbean; state-operated radio broadcasts on 6 stations; privately-owned radio broadcasts on about 15 stations
Internet country code: .dm
Internet hosts: 722
country comparison to the world: 176
Internet users: 28,000
country comparison to the world: 182
The Dominican economy has been dependent on agriculture - primarily bananas - in years past, but increasingly has been driven by tourism as the government seeks to promote Dominica as an "ecotourism" destination. In order to diversify the island's production base, the government also is attempting to develop an offshore financial sector and has signed an agreement with the EU to develop geothermal energy resources. In 2003, the government began a comprehensive restructuring of the economy - including elimination of price controls, privatization of the state banana company, and tax increases - to address an economic and financial crisis and to meet IMF requirements. This restructuring paved the way for an economic recovery and helped to reduce the debt burden, which remains at about 80% of GDP. Hurricane Dean struck the island in August 2007 causing damages equivalent to 20% of GDP. In 2009, growth slowed as a result of the global recession; it picked up only slightly in 2010-11.
Government type: parliamentary democracy
Administrative divisions: 10 parishes; Saint Andrew, Saint David, Saint George, Saint John, Saint Joseph, Saint Luke, Saint Mark, Saint Patrick, Saint Paul, Saint Peter
Legal system: common law based on the English model
International law organization participation: accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
Ethnic groups: black 86.8%, mixed 8.9%, Carib Amerindian 2.9%, white 0.8%, other 0.7%
Languages: English (official), French patois
Religions: Roman Catholic 61.4%, Protestant 20.6% (Seventh-Day Adventist 6%, Pentecostal 5.6%, Baptist 4.1%, Methodist 3.7%, Church of God 1.2%), Jehovah's Witnesses 1.2%, other Christian 7.7%, Rastafarian 1.3%, other or unspecified 1.6%, none 6.1%
Population: 73,126
country comparison to the world: 200
Median age: total: 31.3 years
male: 30.8 years
female: 31.7 years
Population growth rate: 0.216%
country comparison to the world: 174
Net migration rate: -5.42 migrant(s)/1,000 population
country comparison to the world: 194
Urbanization: urban population: 67% of total population
rate of urbanization: 0.3% annual rate of change
Major cities - population: ROSEAU (capital) 14,000
Life expectancy at birth: total population: 76.18 years
country comparison to the world: 78
male: 73.23 years
female: 79.29 years
Total fertility rate: 2.06 children born/woman
country comparison to the world: 121
Health expenditures: 5.9% of GDP
country comparison to the world: 111
Education expenditures: 4.7% of GDP
country comparison to the world: 74
Literacy: definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school
total population: 94%
male: 94%
female: 94%
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24:
total: 26%
country comparison to the world: 24
male: 26.2%
female: 25.4%
Location: Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, about half way between Puerto Rico and Trinidad and Tobago
Land boundaries: 0 km
Coastline: 148 km
Maritime claims: territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 24 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Climate: tropical; moderated by northeast trade winds; heavy rainfall
Terrain: rugged mountains of volcanic origin
Natural resources: timber, hydropower, arable land
Land use: arable land: 6.67%, permanent crops: 21.33%, other: 72%
Natural hazards: flash floods are a constant threat; destructive hurricanes can be expected during the late summer months
Environment - international agreements: party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Geography - note: known as "The Nature Island of the Caribbean" due to its spectacular, lush, and varied flora and fauna, which are protected by an extensive natural park system; the most mountainous of the Lesser Antilles, its volcanic peaks are cones of lava craters and include Boiling Lake, the second-largest, thermally active lake in the world
Dominica was the last of the Caribbean islands to be colonized by Europeans due chiefly to the fierce resistance of the native Caribs. France ceded possession to Great Britain in 1763, which made the island a colony in 1805. In 1980, two years after independence, Dominica's fortunes improved when a corrupt and tyrannical administration was replaced by that of Mary Eugenia CHARLES, the first female prime minister in the Caribbean, who remained in office for 15 years. Some 3,000 Carib Indians still living on Dominica are the only pre-Columbian population remaining in the eastern Caribbean.
Dominica
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