Why Nomura Expects "Turbo-Charged Global Inflation"
Economist Lewis Alexander, and his team at Nomura, wastes no time in his latest monthly global economic outlook report - titled aptly enough "Turbo-Charged Global Reflation" to get to the point: "in addition to vaccines and policy stimulus, an economic recovery synchronized across regions will add further impetus to global reflation."
What follows is a comprehensive and mercifully succinct summary of Alexander's views covering every global region, and justifying why Nomura believes a tidal wave of inflation is about to be unleashed:
United States
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Democratic control in Washington means more fiscal stimulus, but partisanship and narrow majorities will likely constrain policy.
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The pandemic will weigh on short-term activity, but the vaccine outlook is positive for the medium term.
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We expect constant Fed asset purchases through 2021 before a gradual taper in 2022, but risks skew towards earlier action.
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The Fed will likely stay at the ELB at least through Q2 2023 with inflation remaining the key determinant to liftoff.
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The unemployment rate will decline more gradually from here as the pace of recovery slows relative to the post-lockdown rebound.
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COVID-19’s impact on service prices and the impact of labor market slack, particularly on rent, will weigh on core inflation.
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Notable risks include new SARS-CoV-2 variants along with both upside and downside risk around fiscal policy.
Europe
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With lockdowns still in place we see euro area GDP falling at a similar pace to Q4 in Q1, then recovering from Q2.
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While underlying inflation remains low, base effects and policy changes should raise headline inflation sharply this year.
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With GDP rebounding and inflation rising in the short term, we expect the ECB to keep policy on hold this year.
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UK lockdowns should have a smaller effect on GDP than last spring. A full recovery in GDP takes until beyond 2022.
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While pent-up demand and policy stimulus should be supportive, we expect a renewed fall in GDP in the current quarter.
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After another £150bn of QE we think the BoE is done with easing. We do not expect negative rates, but risks remain.
Japan
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As the government declared another state of emergency, q-o-q real GDP growth in Q1 2021 should be negative again.
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With the prolonged pandemic pushing down inflation, suspension of the GoToTravel campaign will technically increase the rate.
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We do not expect the Suga cabinet to make any significant change in economic policy and in BOJ’s monetary policy.
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The risk is renewed yen appreciation, caused by deepening US-China tensions and further risk averse moves in markets.
Asia
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Asia’s growth cycle appears to be headed higher, led by exports and investment, but private consumption should join in H2 2021.
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Vaccinations, faster global growth, the tech upcycle and lagged effects of easier financial conditions should support the recovery.
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Positive growth surprise likely in China, India, Singapore, Korea and Taiwan, but Thailand, Malaysia and Philippines likely to disappoint.
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Higher inflation is likely on base effects, the end of government subsidies, higher commodity prices and a narrowing output gap.
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Policy rates will likely be left unchanged this year, but hikes are likely in China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia and Philippines next year.
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China: We expect the growth recovery and Beijing’s gradual policy normalization to resume following the containment of Covid-19.
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Korea: We expect Korea’s sequential growth momentum to improve in Q1 on stronger-than-expected export growth.
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India: Economic normalization amid above-target inflation suggests rates on hold and a gradual withdrawal of excess liquidity.
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Indonesia: Rising inflation amid debt monetization and current account deficits could test monetary policy credibility.
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Australia: The stronger-than-expected rebound continues, though central bank guidance, for now, remains dovish.
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